1. Mrs Bond is complaining of shortness of breath. On assessment, her legs are swollen indicative of tissue oedema. What do you think is the possible cause of this?
left side heart failure
right side heart failure
renal failure
liver failure
2. Patient manifests phlebitis in his IV site, what must a nurse do?
Re-site the cannula
Inform the doctor
Apply warm compress
Discontinue infusion
3. Mrs Bond has been assessed to have a cardiac arrest after anaphylactic reaction to a medication. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) was started immediately. According to the Resuscitation Council UK, which of the following statements is true?
Intramuscular route administration of adrenaline is always recommended during cardiac arrest after anaphylactic reaction.
Intramuscular route for adrenaline is not recommended during cardiac arrest after anaphylactic reaction.
Adrenaline can be administered intradermally during cardiac arrest after anaphylactic reaction.
None of the Above
4. A patient is being discharged form the hospital after having coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Which level of the health care system will best serve the needs of this patient at this point?
Primary care
Secondary care
Tertiary care
Public health care
5. Which finding should the nurse report to the provider prior to a magnetic resonance imaging MRI?
History of cardiovascular disease
Allergy to iodine and shellfish
Permanent pacemaker in place
Allergy to dairy products
6. The correct management of an adult patient in ventricular fibrillation (VF) cardiac arrest includes:
an initial shock with a manual defibrillator or when prompted by an automated external defibrillator (AED)
atropine 3 mg IV
adenosine 500 mcg IV
adrenaline 1 mg IV before first shock
7. What Is not a cause of postural hypotension?
The time of day
Lack of exercise
Temperature
Recent food intake
8. A client immediately following LP developed deterioration of consciousness, bradycardia, increased systolic BP. What is this normal reaction
client has brain stem herniation
spinal headache
9. In DVT TEDS stockings affect circulation by:
increasing blood flow velocity in the legs by compression of the deep venous system - thromboembolism-deterrent hose
decreasing blood flow velocity in legs by compression of the deep venous system
10. If Tony’s heart rate slows down, this is referred to as:
hypertension
hypotension
bradycardia
tachycardia
11. All but one is an indication for pleural tubing:
Pneumothorax
Abnormal blood clotting screen or low platelet count
Malignant pleural effusion.
Post-operative, for example thoracotomy, cardiac surgery
12. What is the name given to a decreased pulse rate or heart rate?
Tachycardia
Hypotension
Bradycardia
Arrhythmia
13. Which of the following is an indication for intrapleural chest drain insertion?
Pneumothorax
Tuberculosis
Asthma
Malignancy of lungs
14. A patient on your ward complains that her heart is ‘racing’ and you find that the pulse is too fast to manually palpate. What would your actions be?
Shout for help and run to collect the crash trolley.
Ask the patient to calm down and check her most recent set of bloods and fluid balance.
A full set of observations: blood pressure, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation and temperature. It is essential to perform a 12 lead ECG. The patient should then be reviewed by the doctor.
Check baseline observations and refer to the cardiology team.
15. Why are support stockings used?
To aid mobility
To promote arterial flow
To aid muscle strength
To promote venous flow
16. Which of the following can a patient not have if they have a pacemaker in situ?
MRI
Xray
Barium swallow
CT
17. During cardiopulmonary resuscitation:
chest compression should be 5-6 cm deep at a rate of 100-120 compression per minute
a ratio of 2 ventilation to 15 cardiac compression is required
the hands should be placed over the lower third of the sternum to do chest compression
check for normal breathing for 1 full minute to diagnose cardiac arrest
18. After lumbar laminectomy, which the appropriate method to turn the patient?
Patient holds at the side of the bed, with crossed knees try to turn by own
Head is raised & knees bent, patient tries to make movement
Patient is turned as a unit
19. Several clients are admitted to an adult medical unit. The nurse would ensure airborne precautions for a client with which of the following medial conditions?
A diagnosis of AIDS and cytomegalovirus
A positive PPD with an abnormal chest x-ray
A tentative diagnosis of viral pneumonia
Advanced carcinoma of the lung
20. Which finding should the nurse report to the provider to a magnetic resonance imaging MRI?
History of cardiovascular disease
Allergy to iodine and shellfish
Permanent pacemaker in place
Allergy to dairy products
21. A patient puts out his arm so that you can take his blood pressure. What type of consent is this?
Verbal
Written
Implied
None of the above, consent is not required.
22. Patient just had just undergone lumbar laminectomy, what is the best nursing intervention?
move the body as a unit
move one body part at a time
move the head first and the feet last
never move the patient at all
Inadvertent puncture of the kidney and cardiac arrest
23. Orthostatic hypotension is diagnosed if the systolic blood pressure drops by how many mmHg?
20
25
30
35
24. Which is not a cause of postural hypotension?
the time of day
lack of exercise
temperature
recent food intake
25. In a fully saturated haemoglobin molecule, responsible for carrying oxygen to the body's tissues, how many of its haem sites are bound with oxygen?
2
4
6
8
26. Which of the following is a severe complication during 24 hrs post liver biopsy?
pain at insertion site
nausea and vomiting
back pain
bleeding
27. You are looking after a postoperative patient and when carrying out their observations, you discover that they are tachycardic and anxious, with an increased respiratory rate. What could be happening? What would you do?
The patient is showing symptoms of hypovolaemic shock. Investigate source of fluid loss, administer fluid replacement and get medical support.
The patient is demonstrating symptoms of atelectasis. Administer a nebulizer, refer to physiotherapist for assessment.
The patient is demonstrating symptoms of uncontrolled pain. Administer prescribed analgesia, seek assistance from medical team.
The patient is demonstrating symptoms of hyperventilation. Offer reassurance, administer oxygen.
28. Which is the first drug to be used in cardia arrest of any aetiology?
Adrenaline
Amiodarone
Atropine
Calcium chloride
29. When would an orthostatic blood pressure measurement be indicated?
If the patient has a recent history of falls.
If the patient has a history of dizziness or syncope on changing position.
If the patient has a history of hypertension.
If the patient has a history of hypotension
30. A nurse is advised one hour vital charting of a patient, how frequently it should be recorded?
Every 3 hours
Every shift
Whenever the vital signs show deviations from normal
Every one hour
31. In interpreting ECG results if there is clear evidence of atrial disruption this is interpreted as?
Cardiac Arrest
Ventricular tach
Atrial Fibrillation
Complete blockage of the heart
32. A client is diagnosed with methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus pneumonia. What type of isolation is MOST appropriate for the client?
Reverse isolation
Respiratory isolation
Standard precautions
Contact isolation
33. Which of the following is the most common aneurysm site?
Hepatic Artery
Abdominal aorta
Renal arch
Circle of Wills
34. In Spinal cord injury patients, what is the most common cause of autonomic dysreflexia (a sudden rise in blood pressure)?
Bowel obstruction
Fracture below the level of the spinal lesion
Pressure sore
Urinary obstruction
35. A nurse assists the physician is performing liver biopsy. After the biopsy the nurse places the patient in which position?
Supine
Prone
Left-side lying
Right-side lying
36. A client is having diagnosed atrial activity, identify the ECG
Atrial fibrillation
cardiac arrest
ventricular tachycardia
asystole
37. You are currently on placement in the emergency department (ED). A 55- year-old city worker is blue lighted into the ED having had a cardiorespiratory arrest at work. The paramedics have been resuscitating him for 3 minutes. On arrival, he is in ventricular fibrillation. Your mentor asks you the following question prior to your shift starting: What will be the most important part of the patient’s immediate advanced life support?
Early defibrillation to restart the heart.
Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Administration of adrenaline every 3 minutes.
Correction of reversible causes of hypoxia.
38. What is atrial fibrillation?
heart condition that causes, an irregular and often abnormally slow heart rate
An irregular and often abnormally fast heart rate
A regular heart rhythm with an abnormally slow heart rate
A regular heart rhythm with an abnormally fast heart rate
39. Anti-embolic stockings an effective means of reducing the potential of developing a deep vein thrombosis because:
They promote arterial blood flow.
They promote venous blood flow.
They reduce the risk of postoperative swelling.
They promote lymphatic fluid flow, and drainage
40. How many phases of korotkoff sounds are there?
3
4
5
6
41. Why is it important to manually assess pulse rate?
Amplitude, volume and irregularities cannot be detected using automated electronic methods
Tachycardia cannot be detected using automated electronic methods
Bradycardia cannot be detected using automated electronic method
It is more reassuring to the patient
42. In what instances shouldn't you position a patient in a side-lying position?
If they are pregnant
If they have a spinal fracture
If they have pressure sore
If they have lower limb pain
43. CVP line measures?
Pressure in right atrium
Pulmonary arteries
Left ventricle
Vena cava
44. You are looking after a 75 year old woman who had an abdominal hysterectomy 2 days ago. What would you do reduce the risk of her developing a deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Give regular analgesia to ensure she has adequate pain relief so she can mobilize as soon as possible. Advise her not to cross her legs
Make sure that she is fitted with properly fitting anti-embolic stockings & that are removed daily
Ensure that she is wearing anti-embolic stockings & that she is prescribed prophylactic anticoagulation & is doing hourly limb exercises
Give adequate analgesia so she can mobilize to the chair with assistance, give subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin as prescribed. Make sure that she is wearing anti-embolic stockings
45. While having lunch at the cafeteria, your co-worker suddenly collapsed. As a nurse, what would you do?
You are on lunch, no actions should be taken
Assess for any danger
Tap the patient to check for consciousness
Call for help
46. What do the adverse effects of hypotension include?
Decreased conscious level, reduced blood flow to vital organs and renal failure.
The patient could become confused and not know who they are.
Decreased conscious level, oliguria and reduced coronary blood flow.
The patient feeling very cold
47. Mrs Robinson’s doctor is suspecting an aortic aneurysm after her chest x-ray. Which of the most common type of aneurysm?
cerebral
abdominal
femoral
thoracic
48. People with blood group A are able to receive blood from the following:
Group A only
Groups AB or B
Groups A or O
Groups A, B or O
49. Early signs of phlebitis would include:
slight pain and redness
increased WBC
Pyrexia
Swelling
50. How to act in an emergency in a health care set up?